• α-Cyperone Elevated methylglyoxal levels also contribute to

  2022-02-23

  

  Elevated methylglyoxal levels also contribute to carbonyl stress, cytotoxicity, DNA damage, apoptosis and cell death. These mechanisms may be important for normal aging of the nervous system as well as for the development of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease wher

• Our supF forward mutation assay revealed for the first time

  2022-02-23

  

  Our supF forward mutation assay revealed, for the first time, that 5OHU predominantly induced the C→T mutation in human cells. The mechanism underlying the induction of the C→T mutation in human cells by 5OHU remains unclear, however, the finding that 5OHU predominantly induced the C→T mutation was

• br Conflict of interest br

  2022-02-23

  

  Conflict of interest Funding Acknowledgements Introduction to SLC6 transporters The solute carrier (SLC) 6 family of membrane proteins perform the Na+-coupled symport of amino acids and amino A-1210477 australia derivatives into cells throughout the body. Disrupting neurotransmitter SLC

• To examine the possible role of mGluRs in

  2022-02-23

  

  To examine the possible role of mGluRs in the LH/PFA in the hypercapnic ventilatory response, a nonspecific antagonist of mGluRs, MCPG, was microinjected into the LH/PFA. MCPG elicited a significantly increased hypercapnic ventilatory response in awake rats, but not during sleep, in the light and da

• Thiorphan Photoincorporation of pTFDBzox AP occurred predomi

  2022-02-23

  

  Photoincorporation of 21-pTFDBzox-AP occurred predominantly in the β3 subunit, very modestly in the α1 subunit and not at all in the γ2 subunit. These observations taken together with the sensitivity of 21-pTFDBzox-AP enhancement of GABA currents to the α1 M1 mutation Q242 W4 suggest that the 21-pTF

• pim kinase inhibitor In stark contrast to this study Zhang

  2022-02-23

  

  In stark contrast to this study, Zhang and colleagues demonstrated that FFA4, along with FFA1, play roles in suppressing cell proliferation and promoting apoptosis in CRC pim kinase inhibitor treated with omega-3 PUFA [53]. In this study design, in vivo CRC was induced in mice upon treatment with t

• br Acknowledgments We apologize for the omission

  2022-02-23

  

  Acknowledgments We apologize for the omission of primary citations owing to space limitations. This work was supported by grants from National Natural Science Foundation of China (81772801 and 81472455 to C.D.), the Key Program of Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation (LZ17H160002 to C.D

• br Methods br Results We have previously used hex

  2022-02-23

  

  Methods Results We have previously used ß-hex assays in HeLa Oxybutynin to study the role of lysosomal exocytosis on transition metal clearance and the effects of transition metals on lysosomal exocytosis [26], [29], [40]. ß-hex is a lysosomal enzyme, the delivery of which to the extracellula

• Accumulating evidence suggests that the NGF family of neurot

  2022-02-23

  

  Accumulating evidence suggests that the NGF family of neurotrophins have important modulatory roles in opioid analgesia and addiction [36]. The NGF family of neurotrophins include NGF, Chrysin derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), neurotrophin-3 (NT3), and neurotrophin-4 (NT4) [37]. BDNF knockout mice

• PF-00562271 mg br Introduction The role of histamine in

  2022-02-23

  

  Introduction The role of histamine in allergic responses, anaphylaxis, and gastric PF-00562271 mg secretion has been well described in both human and veterinary medicine. New roles for histamine and its receptors, however, have been elucidated over the last two decades (Smuda and Bryce, 2011), a

• br Author contributions br Declaration of conflict

  2022-02-22

  

  Author contributions Declaration of conflict of interest Acknowledgements We are grateful to the Director, National Institute of Immunology for his support. The work was partially supported by J.C. Bose Fellowship to SSM. We acknowledge the help from staff of Small Animal Facility of Nation

• br Materials and methods br Results

  2022-02-22

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion Dex has been shown to induce apoptosis in osteoblastic cell lines (MC3T3-E1, UAMS-32 cell) [24], [25]. Consistent with previous reports, we find high-dose Dex (1 or 5 μM) can induce apoptosis of MC3T3-E1 toward within 24 h as evidenced by Annexin V/P

• Over the last few years experimental evidence for the

  2022-02-22

  

  Over the last few years, experimental evidence for the involvement of Epac1 in cancer progression is beginning to emerge (Almahariq et al., 2015, Banerjee and Cheng, 2015, Parnell et al., 2015, Parnell et al., 2015, Schmidt et al., 2013). For example in melanoma cells, silencing of Epac1 attenuates

• Approximately mammalian genes encoding family A or rhodopsin

  2022-02-22

  

  Approximately 250 mammalian genes encoding family A (or rhodopsin-like) GPCRs have been cloned (Lee et al., 2001a). As yet, the total number of cloned GPCRs reported in the literature including the secretin and metabotropic glutamate-like families of GPCRs falls short of the projected 616 GPCR-encod

• The mechanisms of action of

  2022-02-22

  

  The mechanisms of action of MMF and DMF are not well understood, but a growing body of evidence has demonstrated that DMF may act on both the neurodegenerative and inflammatory response of MS patients. The majority of the data related to the mechanism of action of DMF/MMF demonstrates the associatio

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